Bibliography, external references and notes
Participatory budgeting
- Bhatnagar, Prof. Deepti; Rathore, Animesh; Torres, Magüi Moreno; Kanungo, Parameeta (2003), Participatory Budgeting in Brazil (PDF), Ahmedabad; Washington, DC: Indian Institutes of Management; World Bank. local file http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEMPOWERMENT/Resources/14657_Partic-Budg-Brazil-web.pdf
Gilman, Hollie Russon (2016), Engaging Citizens: Participatory Budgeting and the Inclusive Governance Movement within the United States (PDF), Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Harvard Kennedy School. local file http://ash.harvard.edu/files/ash/files/participatory-budgeting-paper.pdf?m=1455295224
5 Tips for Participatory Budgeting Applications https://socrata.com/blog/5-tips-for-participatory-budgeting-applications/
Previous analysis on plaforms and references
Civic Stack http://www.civicstack.org/ Civic Stack is the place to discover and share civic open source tools so you can adapt them to different scenarios. Developed by Democracia en Red and Asuntos del Sur
OGP Toolbox https://ogptoolbox.org/ (offline during jan 2019 http://web.archive.org/web/20170221015102/https://ogptoolbox.org/) digital solutions to improve democracy. Developed by Open Government Partnership and Etalab
Pereira de Lucena, A. (2017) Análisis de plataformas de participación ciudadana y comunidades digitales. https://www.gitbook.com/book/alabs/doc-civictech-apps/details (Analysed Jan 2019)
Clarity Marketplace The Clarity Marketplace is a catalogue of over 200 tools, platforms and applications within the Open eGovernment domain. Data will be tranfered to https://clarity-csa.eu/portfolio-classic-3cols (Analysed Feb 2019)
Civicactivism A grassroots democracy toolkit for civil society in Northern Ireland and beyond. On 5th November 2008, the Big Lottery Fund (BIG) announced the formation of the Building Change Trust. The Trust has been awarded over £10 million to help develop Northern Ireland's voluntary and community sector by 2018. http://civicactivism.buildingchangetrust.org/tools-directory
Joinup Joinup is a collaborative platform created by the European Commission and funded by the European Union via the Interoperability solutions for public administrations, businesses and citizens (ISA2) Programme. It offers several services that aim to help e-Government professionals share their experience with each other. We also hope to support them to find, choose, re-use, develop and implement interoperability solutions. https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/ (Analysed Feb 2019)
Participation
- Participatory Approaches to Planning Community Interventions. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/analyze/where-to-start/participatory-approaches/main Well structured and clear resource on participation
- Citizens’ participation in the digital age: e-democracy by The European Movement . the European Movement is the largest pan-European network of pro-European organisations. It is present in 39 countries and encompasses 36 International Associations, bringing together European civil society, business, trade unions, NGOs, political parties, local authorities and academia. https://europeanmovement.eu/citizens-participation-in-the-digital-age-e-democracy/
- Arnstein, Sherry R. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation," JAIP, Vol. 35, No. 4, July 1969, pp. 216-224. This article is about power structures in society and how they interact. Specifically it is a guide to seeing who has power when important decisions are being made. It is quite old, but never-the-less of great value to anyone interested in issues of citizen participation. https://lithgow-schmidt.dk/sherry-arnstein/ladder-of-citizen-participation.html
- People & Participation - How to Put Citizens at the Heart of Decision-Making by Involve (2005) local file
Blooming digital democracy in Taiwan’s Sunflower movement https://mobilisationlab.org/blooming-digital-democracy-taiwan-sunflower-movement/#.Vur9oxIrLUI
European Union Platforms for Citizen Participation. It’s long been a dream of the Internet to advance democratic processes—providing people with equal footing to give their voices and opinions, involving citizens in the legislative process, and making our elected and representative officials more accessible and accountable. It can seem like such a utopian utilization of tech is far off. But despite political and technological limitations, there are already a lot of initiatives underway to use technology to facilitate citizen participation. And alongside these developments, citizens are increasingly using the internet to get in touch with their official representatives. https://clarity-csa.eu/blog/european-union-platforms-citizen-participation
Seven lessons from the crowdsourced law reform in Finland http://thegovlab.org/seven-lessons-from-the-crowdsourced-law-reform-in-finland/
Integration
- 3 Tips to Blend Online and Offline Citizen Engagement https://www.citizenlab.co/blog/civic-engagement/blend-online-and-offline-citizen-engagement/
European funded projects on citizen Participation
D-CENT Technologies for 21st Century democracy. A Europe-wide project developing the next generation of open source, distributed, and privacy-aware tools for direct democracy and economic empowerment. D-CENT run from October 2013 to May 2016. It received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 610349. The total budget was 2,5 million euros https://dcentproject.eu/
E-Participation is citizens’ participation in policies and policy-making through the help of ICT tools. cofounded by the Europe for Citizens programme of the European Comission https://euparticipation.org/
EUth With the experiences of 3 pilot projects and the expertise of 11 partners from 8 European countries, a digital European youth participation online platform will be built, which is tested and open to be used by administrations and youth organizations of any size and level to set up participative processes. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/194594/factsheet/en H2020-EU.3.6. - SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Europe In A Changing World - Inclusive, Innovative And Reflective Societies
EMPATIA The EMPATIA project was created to address these challenges by designing coherent participatory systems and tools to evaluate and optimize them. The project was based on a constant dialogue between research and practice, this website describes what we did and the lesson we learned along the way. The EMPATIA project was composed of a multidisciplinary consortium of partners with extended expertise in digital and in person participatory processes. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 https://empatia-project.eu https://github.com/EMPATIA
Clarity The CLARITY project will support European Member States in their pursuit for greater trust, transparency and efficiency within their open eGovernment initiatives and highlight best practice within this field. CLARITY project is a two year project, funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 framework https://clarity-csa.eu/ Have a look at Marketplace, Case Studies, Resources and Deliverables. Clarity d4.2 Blueprint for next steps in eGovernment applications in Europe
Empower The EMPOWER concept aims to encourage and enable the active participation of citizens that consume and produce energy in the electrical system. It is based on the insight that a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and an increase of energy efficiency require radical changes in the way we produce and consume energy. EU emblem This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 646476. http://empowerh2020.eu/tag/deliverables/
OpenBudgets Upload, Visualize, Analyse public budget and spending data. Start exploring and learn stories behind budgets. the project OpenBudgets.eu has developed a platform with 13 tools and 3 use-cases. Moreover OBEU has extensively tested the platform in three large scale trials, and paved thus the way for its future exploitation. OpenBudget.eu has received funding from the European Union’s H2020 EU research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 645833 http://openbudgets.eu/
Open source in goverment
- Open Source for Government https://opensource.org/personas/government
- Open source observatory https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor
Organizations
The Citizens Foundation, a global nonprofit based in Iceland, provides affordable, creative, and secure open source solutions using the latest web technology for civic engagement https://citizens.is/
The Open Ministry (Avoin ministeriö) is about crowdsourcing legislation, deliberative and participatory democracy and citizens initiatives. It is a non-profit organization based in Helsinki, Finland. http://openministry.info/
My society mySociety is a not-for-profit social enterprise, based in the UK but working with partners internationally. We build and share digital technologies that help people be active citizens, across the three areas of Democracy, Transparency, and Community. https://www.mysociety.org/
Public Code We want legislation requiring that publicly financed software developed for the public sector be made publicly available under a Free and Open Source Software licence. If it is public money, it should be public code as well. https://publiccode.eu
D21 Our mission is to create a society of people interested in their surroundings and willing to participate in addressing matters that affect their lives. For example the place where they live, work, or study. This is why we have developed a unique system for civic participation. This system is based on expert knowledge and yet is simple and versatile. Thanks to the effects of positive and negative votes, the system assures a consensus to everyone’s satisfaction. https://en.d21.me link to presentation
Placemaking latinoamerica Los encuentros internacionales de Placemaking comenzaron en Detroit en 2013. El movimiento latinoamericano inició en 2016 con el propósito de reunir experiencias de profesionales en urbanismo participativo en Latinoamérica y el primer encuentro de profesionales se realizó en Valparaíso, Chile en 2017. El segundo Encuentro se llevará a cabo del 8 al 11 de noviembre en la Ciudad de México y tendrá actividades paralelas del 5 al 7 de noviembre en Guadalajara, Monterrey y Querétaro. Placemaking es una idea dinámica que inspira a la gente a reinventar sus espacios colectivamente y a transformarlos en lugares de destino, encuentro y socialización. Es un instrumento práctico para transformar y revitalizar la vida pública, a partir de lugares clave. Es un proceso de empoderamiento social que ayuda a construir democracia local y cotidiana desde el espacio público. Este paradigma busca que diferentes actores asuman responsabilidades compartidas en la conformación y desarrollo de la ciudad. http://www.placemakinglatinoamerica.com/
Stanford Crowdsourced Democracy Team Our mission is to scale up collaboration and decision-making. We envision an era in which large communities can deliberate and brainstorm with one another on important issues with the aid of intelligently designed algorithms and digital communication platforms. https://voxpopuli.stanford.edu/
The GovLab Our goal is to strengthen the ability of institutions – including but not limited to governments – and people to work more openly, collaboratively, effectively and legitimately to make better decisions and solve public problems. The GovLab’s mission is to improve people’s lives by changing the way we govern http://www.thegovlab.org
Poplus Poplus is an international community of activists, citizens and developers. Together we are creating standardised, internationalised, interoperable, open-source Components, to make it easier to build websites that empower citizens, no matter where you are based. http://poplus.org/
Ciudadano Inteligente We are a non-partisan organization that protects the interests of citizens in democracies. We believe in improving and strengthening this government system. https://ciudadaniai.org/about-en/
Other
- Responsible Research and Innovation with the aim of fostering research and innovation in an inclusive, societally-oriented way. https://www.rri-tools.eu/about-rri